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Test Code CSMTU Controlled Substance Monitoring Targeted Profile, 17 Drug Classes, Mass Spectrometry, Random, Urine


Ordering Guidance


This test does not screen for drug classes other than those listed in Reference Values.



Specimen Required


Supplies: Urine Tubes, 10 mL (T068)

Collection Container/Tube: Plastic urine container

Submission Container/Tube: Plastic, 10 mL tube

Specimen Volume: 5 mL

Collection Instructions:

1. Collect a random urine specimen.

2. Submit 5 mL in 1 plastic bottle.

3. No preservative

Additional Information:

1. No specimen substitutions.

2. Submitting less than 5 mL may compromise the ability to perform all necessary testing.

3. STAT requests are not accepted for this test.


Useful For

Detecting drug use involving stimulants, benzodiazepines, and opioids

 

This test is not intended for use in employment-related testing.

Profile Information

Test ID Reporting Name Available Separately Always Performed
LPCM List Patient's Current Medications No Yes
ADULT Adulterants Survey, U Yes Yes
TOPSU Targeted Opioid Screen, U Yes, (order TOSU) Yes
TABSU Targeted Benzodiazepine Screen, U Yes, (order TBSU) Yes
TSTIM Targeted Stimulant Screen, U Yes, (order TSPU) Yes

Method Name

ADULT: Spectrophotometry

TOPSU, TABSU, TSTIM: Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry, High-Resolution Accurate Mass (LC-MS/MS HRAM)

Reporting Name

CSM Targeted Drug Profile,17,HRMS,U

Specimen Type

Urine

Specimen Minimum Volume

2 mL

Specimen Stability Information

Specimen Type Temperature Time Special Container
Urine Refrigerated (preferred) 14 days
  Frozen  14 days

Reject Due To

  All specimens will be evaluated at Mayo Clinic Laboratories for test suitability.

Clinical Information

The targeted opioid, benzodiazepine, and stimulant screen portions are performed by liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry, high-resolution accurate mass (LC-MS/MS HRAM) and are completed for all opioids, benzodiazepines, and stimulants.

 

Opioids are a large class of medications commonly used to relieve acute and chronic pain or help manage opioid abuse and dependence. Medications that fall into this class include buprenorphine, codeine, fentanyl, hydrocodone, hydromorphone, methadone, morphine, oxycodone, oxymorphone, tapentadol, tramadol, and others. Opioids work by binding to the opioid receptors that are found in the brain, spinal cord, gastrointestinal tract, and other organs. Common side effects of opioids include drowsiness, confusion, nausea, constipation, and, in severe cases, respiratory depression. These are dose dependant and vary with tolerance. These medications can also produce physical and psychological dependence and have a high risk for abuse and diversion, which is one of the main reasons many professional practice guidelines recommend compliance testing in patients prescribed these medications.

 

Opioids are readily absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, nasal mucosa, lungs, and after subcutaneous or intermuscular injection. Opioids are primarily excreted from the kidney in both free and conjugated forms. This assay does not hydrolyze the urine sample and looks for both parent drugs and metabolites (including glucuronide forms). The detection window for most opioids in urine is approximately 1 to 3 days with longer detection times for some compounds (eg, methadone).

 

Benzodiazepines represent a large family of medications used to treat a wide range of disorders from anxiety to seizures and are also used in pain management. With a high risk for abuse and diversion, professional practice guidelines recommend compliance monitoring for these medications using urine drug tests. However, traditional benzodiazepine immunoassays suffer from a lack of cross-reactivity with all the benzodiazepines, so many compliant patients taking either clonazepam (Klonopin) or lorazepam (Ativan) may screen negative by immunoassay but are positive when confirmatory testing is done. The new targeted benzodiazepine screening test provides a more sensitive and specific test to check for compliance to all the commonly prescribed benzodiazepines and looks for both parent drug and metabolites in the urine.

 

Stimulants are sympathomimetic amines that stimulate the central nervous system activity and, in part, suppress the appetite. Amphetamine and methamphetamine are also prescription drugs used in the treatment of narcolepsy and attention-deficit disorder/attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Methylphenidate is another stimulant used to treat ADHD. Phentermine is indicated for the management of obesity. All other amphetamines (eg, methylenedioxymethamphetamine: MDMA) are Drug Enforcement Administration-scheduled Class I compounds. Due to their stimulant effects, the drugs are commonly sold illicitly and abused. Physiological symptoms associated with very high amounts of ingested amphetamine or methamphetamine include elevated blood pressure, dilated pupils, hyperthermia, convulsions, and acute amphetamine psychosis.

 

This test is intended to be used in a setting where the test results can be used to make a definitive diagnosis.

Reference Values

ADULTERANT SURVEY:

Cutoff concentrations

Oxidants: 200 mg/L

Nitrites: 500 mg/L

 

TARGETED OPIOID SCREEN:

Not detected

 

Cutoff concentrations:

Codeine: 25 ng/mL

Codeine-6-beta-glucuronide: 100 ng/mL

Morphine: 25 ng/mL

Morphine-6-beta-glucuronide: 100 ng/mL

6-Monoacetylmorphine: 25 ng/mL

Hydrocodone: 25 ng/mL

Norhydrocodone: 25 ng/mL

Dihydrocodeine: 25 ng/mL

Hydromorphone: 25 ng/mL

Hydromorphone-3-beta-glucuronide: 100 ng/mL

Oxycodone: 25 ng/mL

Noroxycodone: 25 ng/mL

Oxymorphone: 25 ng/mL

Oxymorphone-3-beta-glucuronide: 100 ng/mL

Noroxymorphone: 25 ng/mL

Fentanyl: 2 ng/mL

Norfentanyl: 2 ng/mL

Meperidine: 25 ng/mL

Normeperidine: 25 ng/mL

Naloxone: 25 ng/mL

Naloxone-3-beta-glucuronide: 100 ng/mL

Methadone: 25 ng/mL

2-Ethylidene-1,5-dimethyl-3,3-diphenylpyrrolidine (EDDP): 25 ng/mL

Propoxyphene: 25 ng/mL

Norpropoxyphene: 25 ng/mL

Tramadol: 25 ng/mL

O-desmethyltramadol: 25 ng/mL

Tapentadol: 25 ng/mL

N-desmethyltapentadol: 50 ng/mL

Tapentadol-beta-glucuronide: 100 ng/mL

Buprenorphine: 5 ng/mL

Norbuprenorphine: 5 ng/mL

Norbuprenorphine glucuronide: 20 ng/mL

 

TARGETED BENZODIAZEPINE SCREEN:

Not detected

 

Cutoff concentrations:

Alprazolam: 10 ng/mL

Alpha-hydroxyalprazolam: 10 ng/mL

Alpha-hydroxyalprazolam glucuronide: 50 ng/mL

Chlordiazepoxide: 10 ng/mL

Clobazam: 10 ng/mL

N-desmethylclobazam: 200 ng/mL

Clonazepam: 10 ng/mL

7-Aminoclonazepam: 10 ng/mL

Diazepam: 10 ng/mL

Nordiazepam: 10 ng/mL

Flunitrazepam: 10 ng/mL

7-Aminoflunitrazepam: 10 ng/mL

Flurazepam: 10 ng/mL

2-Hydroxy ethyl flurazepam: 10 ng/mL

Lorazepam: 10 ng/mL

Lorazepam glucuronide: 50 ng/mL

Midazolam: 10 ng/mL

Alpha-hydroxymidazolam: 10 ng/mL

Oxazepam: 10 ng/mL

Oxazepam glucuronide: 50 ng/mL

Prazepam: 10 ng/mL

Temazepam: 10 ng/mL

Temazepam glucuronide: 50 ng/mL

Triazolam: 10 ng/mL

Alpha-hydroxytriazolam: 10 ng/mL

Zolpidem: 10 ng/mL

Zolpidem phenyl-4-carboxylic acid: 10 ng/mL

 

TARGETED STIMULANT SCREEN:

Not detected

 

Cutoff concentrations:

Methamphetamine: 100 ng/mL

Amphetamine: 100 ng/mL

3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA): 100 ng/mL

3,4-Methylenedioxy-N-ethylamphetamine (MDEA): 100 ng/mL

3,4-Methylenedioxyamphetamine (MDA): 100 ng/mL

Ephedrine: 100 ng/mL

Pseudoephedrine: 100 ng/mL

Phentermine: 100 ng/mL

Phencyclidine (PCP): 20 ng/mL

Methylphenidate: 20 ng/mL

Ritalinic acid: 100 ng/mL

Day(s) Performed

Monday through Saturday

Report Available

3 to 4 days

Performing Laboratory

Mayo Clinic Laboratories in Rochester

Test Classification

This test was developed and its performance characteristics determined by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements. It has not been cleared or approved by the US Food and Drug Administration.

CPT Code Information

80347

80364

80326

G0482 (if appropriate)

Forms

If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send a Therapeutics Test Request (T831) with the specimen.