Test Code HVPPS HIV-1 and HIV-2 Antibody Confirmation and Differentiation Prenatal, Serum
Ordering Guidance
This test is not suitable for follow-up testing of patients with reactive results from any rapid HIV tests, except for pregnant patients who were reactive by the Determine HIV-1/-2 Ag/Ab Combo rapid point-of-care test on serum or plasma (but not whole blood). Per the latest CDC recommended HIV testing algorithm patients with reactive results from any rapid HIV tests should be tested subsequently with laboratory-based HIV antigen and antibody combination immunoassays, such as HVPRS / HIV Antigen and Antibody Prenatal Routine Screen, Serum or HIVSP / HIV Antigen and Antibody Prenatal Routine Screen, Plasma.
If specimens are autopsy or cadaver blood sources, the proper US Food and Drug Administration-licensed assay is HV1CD / HIV-1 and HIV-2 Antibodies for Cadaveric or Hemolyzed Specimens, Serum.
New York State clients: This test should not be requested for maternal/newborn HIV screening on specimens originating in New York State, due to state regulatory requirements for expedited result reporting.
Necessary Information
Date of collection is required.
Specimen Required
Supplies: Aliquot Tube, 5 mL (T914)
Collection Container/Tube: Serum gel
Submission Container/Tube: Plastic vial
Specimen Volume: 1.5 mL
Collection Instructions:
1. Centrifuge blood collection tube per collection tube manufacturer's instructions (eg, centrifuge and aliquot within 2 hours of collection for BD Vacutainer tubes).
2. Aliquot plasma into plastic vial.
Forms
If not ordering electronically, complete, print, and send an Infectious Disease Serology Test Request (T916) with the specimen.
Useful For
Confirmation and differentiation of HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibodies in serum specimens from prenatal patients who show reactive results with 3rd- (HIV-1/-2 antibody only) and 4th-generation (HIV antigen and antibody) HIV serologic assays
This test is not useful as a screening test for HIV infection in symptomatic or asymptomatic individuals.
This test should not be used as a screening or confirmatory test for blood donor specimens.
Disease States
- HIV-2 infection
- HIV infection
Reflex Tests
Test ID | Reporting Name | Available Separately | Always Performed |
---|---|---|---|
HPS12 | HIV-1/HIV-2 RNA Detect Prenatal, S | Yes | No |
Special Instructions
Method Name
Rapid Immunochromatographic Assay
Reporting Name
HIV Ab Differentiation Prenatal, SSpecimen Type
SerumSpecimen Minimum Volume
0.8 mL
Specimen Stability Information
Specimen Type | Temperature | Time | Special Container |
---|---|---|---|
Serum | Frozen (preferred) | 30 days | |
Refrigerated | 6 days |
Reject Due To
Gross hemolysis | OK |
Gross lipemia | OK |
Gross icterus | OK |
Clinical Information
AIDS is caused by 2 known types of HIV. HIV type 1 (HIV-1) is found in patients with AIDS or AIDS-related complex and in asymptomatic infected individuals at high risk for AIDS. The virus is transmitted by sexual contact, by exposure to infected blood or blood products, or from an infected mother to her fetus or infant. HIV type 2 (HIV-2) infection is endemic only in West Africa, and it has been identified in individuals who had sexual relations with individuals from that geographic region. HIV-2 is similar to HIV-1 in viral morphology, overall genomic structure, and its ability to cause AIDS.
Antibodies against HIV-1 and HIV-2 are usually not detectable until 6 to 12 weeks following exposure and are almost always detectable by 12 months. They may fall to undetectable levels (ie, seroreversion) in the terminal stage of AIDS when the patient's immune system is severely depressed.
Routine serologic screening of patients at risk for HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection usually begins with an HIV-1/-2 antigen and/or antibody screening test, which may be performed by various US Food and Drug Administration-approved assay methods, including rapid HIV antibody tests, enzyme immunoassays, and chemiluminescent immunoassays. In testing algorithms that begin with these methods, supplemental or confirmatory testing should be requested only for specimens that are repeatedly reactive by these methods according to assay manufacturers' instructions for use.
Reference Values
Negative
Day(s) Performed
Monday through Friday
Report Available
1 to 3 daysPerforming Laboratory
Mayo Clinic Laboratories in RochesterTest Classification
This test has been cleared, approved, or is exempt by the US Food and Drug Administration and is used per manufacturer's instructions. Performance characteristics were verified by Mayo Clinic in a manner consistent with CLIA requirements.CPT Code Information
86701
86702
87535 (if appropriate)
87538 (if appropriate)